E.g., IRS (or any other debt collector) says blank you owe $300,000.00! the response should be something like, can you please Certify that I owe you anything, let alone $300k. Pursuant to the Government Accounting office this computer-generated document cannot be relied on for its accuracy; in addition to that, how does §83 operate in your conclusion that my cost for services is gross income?
Any claim that one makes has the burden of Proof.
Here is another example.
Right now, COVID has many people in a panic and because of this pandemic, companies are taking advantage to sell products such as, but not limited to Air Purifiers.
I have been offered to promote a few Air Purifiers, which look good, especially with the claims they make.
OUT OF ALL THE ONES LOOK AT I FOUND ONLY ONE! YES, ONLY ONE IT'S ACTIVEPURE TECHNOLOGIES.